“We arrived in Astana with a small delegation to discuss the possibility of cooperation in the development of navigation systems,” said Deputy Prime Minister Vladislav Surkov at a news briefing after the talks.

“I think we share a common interest in implementing navigation technology in Russia and Kazakhstan that is based on the GLONASS system,” said Mr Surkov.

He added that in terms of co-operation in the development of navigation systems, Russia is not seeking a controlling stake and is interested in implementing projects in partnership with Kazakhstan, sharing technology and co-financing if necessary.

“We are flexible and we expect to outline a cooperation plan by the end of the year,” he said.